In this short article, we will explain why it is important to use building code approved fasteners to board up windows for hurricane protection. Additionally, we’ll point you to an economical hurricane protection system that meets the requirements of the Florida Building code, the International Building code and the International Residential Code.

Untested do-it-yourself methods may fail. Homemade (workshop) protection solutions that have not undergone proper testing could provide a false sense of security and fail during high winds. A homeowner or builder may think his creation will work, but until real forces simulating hurricane force winds are applied, there is no guarantee that a method will hold up. Even engineers are sometimes surprised when and how products fail.

To ensure adequate hurricane protection, read carefully and be sure the product has building code approval. Watch the wording – many products on the market intended for window and door protection do NOT have building code approval or acceptance. These products may claim to have been “tested to” strict building code requirements BUT do not state that their product passed! Building contractors attempting to meet coastal building code requirements are not permitted to install these unapproved products. Unsuspecting homeowners should not either.

How to tell if a product meets code

Either the fastener needs to be listed in the building code passage (link to code section) or hold an Evaluation Report. An Evaluation Report authored by a licensed engineer states that a product was tested to the correct test protocol and passed and meets the current building code and modifications. All states use either the International Building Code (IBC) or the Florida Building Code (FBC). Florida Product Approvals are set by the State of Florida for all construction trades. They identify products that the State approves for use in Florida with valid Evaluation Reports. Most states accept this stringent certification. The PlyFASTner Florida Product Approval is FL# 13531.

How does a building inspector determine if a product meets code?

Help them with their work! Provide them with a copy of an Evaluation Report. On this report they are looking for ASTM E330, ASTM E1886 and ASTM E1996 and limitations. ASTM E1886 states what tests are to be performed (impact and cyclical testing). ASTM E1996 states how the tests are to be performed. Some inspectors or Plan Review examiners also verify limitations like Wind Zone and Design Wind Pressures of at least 52psf. One example of a required test is that a full sheet of plywood (32 square feet) and connectors must hold 52psf for 10 seconds. With a required 1.5 safety factor, that is 78psf*32sf = 2,496lbs. of force on a full sheet of ½” CDX plywood. Another example of a required test is cyclical loading. Varying amounts of this load will be applied in the positive and negative direction then released 9,000 times. Many fasteners that do not have code approval cannot pass these two test examples.

How unapproved plywood panel fasteners are likely to fail

Fasteners used to fasten plywood panels will often fail when the panel is loaded with a negative pressure, as if the panel is being pulled off the window. The panel will bend/bow outward, get narrower and come off the opening.

Which Building Code requirements does the PlyFASTner Plus® Hurricane Protection System meet?

The PlyFASTner Plus system was tested in accordance with ASTM E 1886, ASTM E 1996, and ASTM E 330, including the large missile test and positive and negative cyclical pressures. The system meets the requirements of the Florida Building Code, the International Building Code, and International Residential Code. The downloadable Evaluation Report will provide Building Services with the required information that certifies code compliance.

The PlyFASTner Plus Advanced Hurricane Protection System features the new PlyFASTner Plus Stow and DeployTM hardware, which is permanently installed in advance, so you can quickly put protective plywood panels in place without using tools. PlyFASTner Plus can be used with either plywood (1/2 ̋ CDX or 7/16 ̋ OSB) or polycarbonate panels.

Visit plyfastner.com to learn more about the PlyFASTner Plus Advanced Hurricane Protection System and to locate sellers for homeowners or home builders. PlyFASTner Plus 1-Window Packs, 9-Window Cases and individual components can be purchased online.

The short answer is simple: The first and most important requirement is that the panel material meet building code requirements. These requirements can be met by using ½” CDX plywood. But there are many other types of Wood Structural Panels that can be used to board up openings for hurricane protection. Some exceed the capability of ½” CDX plywood, while some are worse and should be avoided.

1. Interior vs. exterior plywood panels

As the name implies, interior panel material should not be used as shutters or for opening protection. Interior panels are not designed to withstand outdoor humidity, moisture, rain and UV light. Examples of interior use panels are particle board as well as cabinet grade, AC and BC rated plywood. These products contain a resin or glue that dissolves in water and cause premature delamination. In contrast, exterior ½” CDX sheathing grade plywood is manufactured with an exterior grade glue. Periodic rain saturation does not adversely affect the glue but could cause decay to the wood. See moisture sealing panel below.

2. Panel thickness

The building code requires a minimum thickness of ½” (actual thickness 15/32”) or 7/16” OSB (Oriented Strand Board) panel. 3-ply, ½” plywood is most commonly used for opening protection. 4-ply ½” plywood has recently become available and is well worth the additional few dollars per panel as it provides additional impact protection and is not as likely to bow or warp. Many insurance based organizations that push “Code Plus” (better than code) will require 5/8” thick plywood. PlyFASTner Plus® can be used with any thickness of plywood panel. Caution should be taken, since the additional weight of 5/8” thick plywood makes installation more difficult and the fact that the thicker plywood only provides a minimal amount of additional protection.

3. OSB or plywood

Both meet the International Code Council’s definition of Wood Structural Panels and can be used for Opening Protection. Both are manufactured with exterior grade glue. Oriented Strand Board does not hold up well to the coastal humidity unprotected. Also, OSB which was designed as a sheathing material which is intended to be supported (nailed) around the perimeter AND interior studs spaced 16” apart. It does not fare well when spanning over 24”. Even with a material cost significantly less than plywood, PlyFASTner still does not suggest using OSB. Plywood provides greater longevity and superior strength. When properly stored flat (vertically or horizontally) and care given to drying out panels after use, plywood CDX sheathing will last as long as the sheathing under the shingles on a roof. See PlyFASTner recommended panel rack.

4. Treated, painted or sealed panels

Although the use of pressure-treated and Ground Contact Pressure-treated plywood is recommended for storm shutters to extend their useful life, it has been determined that treated but unsealed plywood can absorb up to twice its weight in water. A full sheet, saturated with water, could weigh as much as 135 pounds, making very difficult to move and take longer to dry out.

Painting plywood storm panels is not recommended. Paint relies on adhesion to the surface. Even good wood primers with multiple coats of paint will expand and eventually crack allowing moisture into the core of the panel. This accelerates the decay and compromises the adhesion of the paint.

The best way to preserve plywood panels is with an exterior grade moisture sealer. Sealers do not rely on adhesion but on penetration of the pores to repel contact moisture. There is no coat to crack or peal. Sealing pressure-treated plywood is the best solution to preserve plywood panels but more than doubles the cost of ½” CDX plywood.

Installing plywood for hurricane protection is a crucial step in safeguarding your home from strong winds and flying debris.

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to prepare and install plywood panels effectively.

Preparation Steps for Installing Plywood for Hurricane Protection

Step 1: Gather Your Materials and Tools

Before starting, ensure you have the following materials and tools:

• Plywood Sheets (⅝-inch or ¾-inch exterior-grade plywood)
• Tape Measure
• Circular Saw or Handsaw
• Drill with Screws or Nails
• Hurricane Clips or Anchors (optional)
• Marker or Pencil
• Ladder
• Gloves and Safety Goggles

Step 2: Measure Your Windows and Doors

• Use a tape measure to measure the height and width of each window and door.
• Add at least 4 inches to each side to ensure the plywood overlaps the window frame.
• Label each plywood sheet according to the window or door it covers for easy installation.

Step 3: Purchase the Right Plywood

• Use ⅝-inch thick exterior-grade plywood as the minimum recommended thickness.
• If possible, ¾-inch plywood offers better protection.
• Have the store cut the plywood to your measurements to save time.

Step 4: Pre-Drill Mounting Holes

• Space holes every 12-16 inches around the perimeter of the plywood sheet.
• For concrete or brick walls, use masonry anchors.
• If installing on wood, use lag screws or hurricane clips.

Step 5: Mark the Window Frame for Installation

• Place the plywood over the window and mark where you will drill.
• Ensure a snug fit so the plywood doesn’t move in high winds.

Step 6: Test-Fit Each Panel

• Hold the plywood against the window or door to confirm proper fit.
• Make any necessary adjustments before installation.

To learn more, please visit our website and in particular we would refer you to our Learn More section. As well if you would like to purchase our Plyfastner Plus system, you can purchase it on line here.